Natural gas in the US is a curious creature. Unlike oil, it is not a globally traded commodity. North American production is landlocked, with practically no LNG export possibilities at this time, though big dreams are in place to make that happen, and many billions of other people’s dollars have been sunk into these dreams.
Gas exports via pipeline to Mexico have been growing as additional pipeline capacity went into service over the last two years. Mexico is switching power generation from its own oil to cheap US natural gas. This allows it to export its more valuable oil to the US. But building gas-fired generating capacity is a slow process, and these exports to Mexico are relatively minor in the overall scheme of things.
The US also exports natural gas to Canada. But it imports more from Canada than it exports to Canada and Mexico combined. Hence overall, the US remains a net importer of natural gas.
So the rest of the world has no impact on the price of natural gas in the US. There were times when LNG sold for eight times more in Japan than it traded for on the NYMEX. This cordoned-off market is a favorite playground for the Big Money because it’s relatively easy to push it one way or the other to one’s liking.
And natural gas is a near-term bet on the weather, except when it’s not. So everyone is prodding their weather gurus to predict the temperature over the next few days and weeks: if the next cold-wave would be big enough to jack up demand for heating purposes, or if the next heatwave would force power generators to burn through vast quantities of gas so that folks can max out their air conditioners.
Head fakes, unexpected plunges when it should rise, inexplicable rises when it should plunge, and whiplash-inducing but otherwise mysterious turnarounds are normal. And once every few years, there is a panic that can last for weeks or months, whipping up dizzying spikes.
But over the last seven weeks, the forces have combined, and shorts have piled in as others have bailed out in desperation, and the price plunged, though this is the time of the year when natural gas normally rises, and often by a lot, due to heating demand. But a few warmer days early in the winter and surging production were the signal to go short, and short they went. Over the last seven weeks, they pushed down the price by 40%.
But it must have been one of the most crowded trades around. And Thursday is coming up…
Every Thursday – except during holiday weeks when it may fall on a different day – a potentially heart-attack inducing event happens: the EIA releases the weekly inventory report. It can be a big market mover. And especially after the recent plunge, it seems the shorts, all stepping on each other in this immensely crowded trade, didn’t want to go into this together, hand in hand, and jointly jump off the cliff. So they jumped individually ahead of time, while they still could, and it created an epic short squeeze.
On Monday afternoon, in electronic trading on the NYMEX, natural gas traded at $2.80 per million Btu. At the time, the Wall Street Journal observed, “Natural Gas Drops to Two-Year Low as Forecast Warms Up.”
But Tuesday morning at 10 AM, after some ups and downs overnight, it bounced off $2.83/mmBtu, and the Big Squeeze started. It hit $2.95 by 2 PM and more or less maintained that level through much of the night. By 5:30 AM today, it breached the $3.00 level and then began its stupefying ascent, plowing higher and eating shorts as it went, and they were trying to get out from under their bets as fast as they could. Now as I’m writing this after-hours, it just ticked up to $3.33/mmBtu.
This is the two-day journey from $2.80 to $3.33, a phenomenal jump of 18.9%:
And here is our miracle commodity over the past six months in daily increments. Given the last two days, Natty has done great so far this year, up nearly 18%. But even the monster move of the last two days only brought the price back where it was on December 22, a time during which it was in freefall. Note how fast and far it plunged since November 20:
And here is a 12-month chart in weekly increments. It depicts the polar-vortex-induced ramp-up last winter, and the brutal plunge that followed.
Whatever oil is going to do – and it too made shorts nervous today, but it jumped “only” 5.9% – US natural gas is going down its own path for its own reasons. Neither OPEC nor Russia nor slowing growth in China matter. What matters are the nerves of the traders, or more importantly the programming of the algos, along with weather, demand, production, storage, and a million other things, all in the US. And for those who trade it, it promises a lot of premature gray hairs.
Last time this happened in the oil patch, the stock market crashed. “Going to be a painful period of time,” is how Texas Gov. Rick Perry explained the situation. Read… This Is Just the Beginning of the Great American Oil Bust
Enjoy reading WOLF STREET and want to support it? You can donate. I appreciate it immensely. Click on the beer and iced-tea mug to find out how:
Would you like to be notified via email when WOLF STREET publishes a new article? Sign up here.
I wonder if we’ll see a squeeze in USD/JPY as well before Kuroda finally unveiled his final bazooka.
Just broke, Russia cuts off 60% of Europe’s gas. Now we know what’s up with natural gas.
With just about all other commodities, I would say, yeah, this could be it.
But not with NG: there is no way of getting NG out of the US to Europe, not until 2016 or so, if ever, when the first LNG export terminals are scheduled to come on line. Hence there can be no demand pressure from Europe on the US NG market. And besides, the US is still a net importer of gas, so there is really nothing to export. None of these international events impact the US NG market. And US NG has been rallying for two days straight; but the Putin announcement came this afternoon.
So I doubt that this is the reason this time.
There you go assuming markets are rational and logical. The last 6 years has put to bed any presumptions of rationality.
Mick is probably correct, Wolf. It doesn’t take much of a whiff to set off a short squeeze like this. You did notice that crude oil AND currencies and gold and silver and all the other stocks on the NYSE all moved together on this …
You’re right: anything can and will set off a short squeeze after that kind of plunge. But NG futures are mostly traded by pros. They know that the US NG market is cut off from the rest of the world. They’re not impressed by Russia’s decision to reroute Russian NG via Turkey to Europe (however impossible that may be) rather than via the Ukraine. So let’s watch the fireworks when the EIA gas storage report comes out Thursday AM. My guess is that’s what they were worried about. If you’re on the wrong side of that storage report, you can lose a lot of money in a few seconds.
And long positions at these NG prices were becoming very tempting too.
Pros? Those same pros whose entire trading strategy revolves around whatever comes out of Yellen/Bernanke’s mouth?
We love you Wolf, cause like us, you want to believe in a free market that operates by fundamentals and sound investing principles. Just wish it were so.
darn. where’s the “like” button on this site, anyhoo?
In two places: under the title and at the bottom of the article. Use it liberally :-)
Out in the rural area where we live, propane is pretty much ubiquitous. I always buy about 800 gallons prepay. So I missed getting clobbered by the polar vortex thing. But some of my neighbors who pay month to month really got hammered.
I have noticed that a lot of truck stops are putting in huge nat gas tanks and pumps. Never see anyone actually using them. Unless the Feds force a changeover (completely possible with these clowns) it will go the way of the plug in cable nonsense and the hook your truck up to shore power-and-save-fuel nonsense.